from tkinter import *

root = Tk()  # 實(shí)例化TK

root.mainloop()  # 進(jìn)入事件循環(huán)

from tkinter import *
from tkinter import messagebox

root = Tk()

bt = Button(root)
bt['text'] = '點(diǎn)我'
bt.pack()
def dianji(e):
    messagebox.showinfo('message', 'give flower')  # 提示框
bt.bind('<Button-1>', dianji)  # 綁定點(diǎn)擊事件
root.mainloop()  # 進(jìn)入事件循環(huán)

from tkinter import *
from tkinter import messagebox

root = Tk()

root.title('我的gui程序')

root.geometry('500x300+100+200')
# 500寬度  300高度   距屏幕左側(cè)100像素 頂部200像素

bt = Button(root)
bt['text'] = '點(diǎn)我'
bt.pack()


def dianji(e):
    print(e)
    messagebox.showinfo('message', 'give flower')  # 提示框


bt.bind('<Button-1>', dianji)  # 綁定點(diǎn)擊事件
root.mainloop()  # 進(jìn)入事件循環(huán)

from tkinter import *

app = Tk()

app.title('拜液用戶管理')

sw = app.winfo_screenwidth()
# 得到屏幕寬度
sh = app.winfo_screenheight()

# 得到屏幕高度
ww = 610
wh = 400

x = (sw - ww) / 2
y = (sh - wh) / 2
app.geometry("%dx%d+%d+%d" % (ww, wh, x, y))


app.resizable(width=False, height=False)
app.mainloop()

from tkinter import *
from tkinter import messagebox


class Application(Frame):
    def __init__(self, master=None):
        super().__init__(master)
        self.master = master
        self.pack()

        self.createWidget()

    def createWidget(self):
        # 創(chuàng)建組件
        self.btn01 = Button(self)
        self.btn01['text'] = '點(diǎn)擊送花'
        self.btn01.pack()
        self.btn01['command'] = self.songhua
        # 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)退出按鈕
        self.btnQuit = Button(self, text='退出', command=root.destroy)
        self.btnQuit.pack()

    def songhua(self):
        messagebox.showinfo('送花', '送你99朵玫瑰花')

root = Tk()
root.geometry('400x100+200+300')
root.title('一個(gè)經(jīng)典的GUI程序類的測(cè)試')
app = Application(master=root)

root.mainloop()

from tkinter import *
class Application(Frame):
    def __init__(self, master=None):
        super().__init__(master)
        self.master = master
        self.pack()
        self.createWidget()

    def createWidget(self):
        # 創(chuàng)建組件
        self.label01 = Label(self, text='關(guān)關(guān)雎鳩', width=10, height=2,
                             bg='black', fg='white')
        self.label01.pack()
        self.label02 = Label(self, text='hebut', width=10, height=2,
                             bg='blue', fg='white', font=('黑體', 30))
        self.label02.pack()
        # 顯示圖像
        global photo
        # photo = PhotoImage(file='pic01.gif')
        # self.label03 = Label(self, image=photo)
        # self.label03.pack()
        # 顯示多行文本
        self.label04 = Label(self, text='hebut\n關(guān)關(guān)雎鳩', borderwidth=1, relief='groove', justify='right')
        self.label04.pack()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = Tk()
    root.geometry('400x500+200+300')
    app = Application(master=root)
    root.mainloop()

fred = Button(self, fg="red", bg="blue")

fred["fg"] = "red"
fred["bg"] = "blue"

fred.config(fg="red", bg="blue")

#測(cè)試Button組件的基本用法，使用面向?qū)ο蟮姆绞?
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import messagebox


class Application(Frame):
    def __init__(self, master=None):  # super()代表的是父類的
        super().__init__(master)
        self.master = master
        self.pack()
        self.createWidget()

    def createWidget(self):
        # 創(chuàng)建組件
        self.btn01 = Button(root, text="登錄", width=6, height=3, anchor=CENTER, command=self.login)
        self.btn01.pack()

        global photo
        # photo = PhotoImage(file="pic01.gif")
        # self.btn02 = Button(root,image=photo,command=self.login)
        # self.btn02.pack()
        # self.btn02.config(state="disabled")	#設(shè)置按鈕為禁用

    def login(self):
        messagebox.showinfo("學(xué)習(xí)系統(tǒng)", "登錄成功！歡迎開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)！")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = Tk()
    root.geometry("400x400+200+300")
    app = Application(master=root)
    root.mainloop()

# 測(cè)試 Entry 組件的基本用法，使用面向?qū)ο蟮姆绞?
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import messagebox


class Application(Frame):
    def __init__(self, master=None):  # super()代表的是父類的定義，而不是父類對(duì)象
        super().__init__(master)
        self.master = master
        self.pack()
        self.createWidget()

    def createWidget(self):
        # 創(chuàng)建登錄界面的組件
        self.label01 = Label(self, text="用戶名")
        self.label01.pack()

        # StringVar 變量綁定到指定的組件。
        # StringVar 變量的值發(fā)生變化，組件內(nèi)容也變化；
        # 組件內(nèi)容發(fā)生變化，StringVar 變量的值也發(fā)生變化。 v1 = StringVar()
        v1 = StringVar()
        self.entry01 = Entry(self, textvariable=v1)
        self.entry01.pack()
        v1.set("admin")
        print(v1.get())
        print(self.entry01.get())

        # 創(chuàng)建密碼框
        self.label02 = Label(self, text="密碼")
        self.label02.pack()

        v2 = StringVar()
        self.entry02 = Entry(self, textvariable=v2, show="*")
        self.entry02.pack()

        Button(self, text="登陸", command=self.login).pack()

    def login(self):
        username = self.entry01.get()
        pwd = self.entry02.get()
        print("去數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)比對(duì)用戶名和密碼！")
        print("用戶名：" + username)
        print("密碼：" + pwd)
        if username == "關(guān)關(guān)雎鳩" and pwd == "123456":
            messagebox.showinfo("學(xué)習(xí)系統(tǒng)", "登錄成功！歡迎開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)！")
        else:
            messagebox.showinfo("學(xué)習(xí)系統(tǒng)", "登錄失?。∮脩裘蛎艽a錯(cuò)誤！")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = Tk()
    root.geometry("400x130+200+300")
    app = Application(master=root)
    root.mainloop()

# 測(cè)試 Text 多行文本框組件的基本用法，使用面向?qū)ο蟮姆绞?
from tkinter import *
import webbrowser


class Application(Frame):
    def __init__(self, master=None):  # super()代表的是父類的定義，而不是父類對(duì)象
        super().__init__(master)
        self.master = master
        self.pack()
        self.createWidget()

    def createWidget(self):
        self.w1 = Text(root, width=40, height=12, bg="gray")
        # 寬度 20 個(gè)字母(10 個(gè)漢字)，高度一個(gè)行高
        self.w1.pack()
        self.w1.insert(1.0, "0123456789\nabcdefg")
        self.w1.insert(2.3, "鋤禾日當(dāng)午，汗滴禾下土。誰(shuí)知盤(pán)中餐，粒粒皆辛苦\n")

        Button(self, text="重復(fù)插入文本", command=self.insertText).pack(side="left")
        Button(self, text="返回文本", command=self.returnText).pack(side="left")
        Button(self, text="添加圖片", command=self.addImage).pack(side="left")
        Button(self, text="添加組件", command=self.addWidget).pack(side="left")
        Button(self, text="通過(guò) tag 精確控制文本", command=self.testTag).pack(side="left")

    def insertText(self):
        # INSERT 索引表示在光標(biāo)處插入
        self.w1.insert(INSERT, '關(guān)關(guān)雎鳩')

        # END 索引號(hào)表示在最后插入
        self.w1.insert(END, '[hebut]')
        self.w1.insert(1.8, "關(guān)關(guān)雎鳩")

    def returnText(self):
        # Indexes(索引)是用來(lái)指向 Text 組件中文本的位置，Text 的組件索引也是對(duì)應(yīng)實(shí)際字符之間的位置。
        # 核心：行號(hào)以 1 開(kāi)始 列號(hào)以 0 開(kāi)始
        print(self.w1.get(1.2, 1.6))
        print("所有文本內(nèi)容：\n" + self.w1.get(1.0, END))

    def addImage(self):
        # global photo
        self.photo = PhotoImage(file="pic01.gif")
        self.w1.image_create(END, image=self.photo)

    def addWidget(self):
        b1 = Button(self.w1, text='愛(ài)學(xué)習(xí)')
        # 在text 創(chuàng)建組件的命令
        self.w1.window_create(INSERT, window=b1)

    def testTag(self):
        self.w1.delete(1.0, END)
        self.w1.insert(INSERT, "good good study,day day up!\nhebut\n關(guān)關(guān)雎鳩\n百度一下")
        self.w1.tag_add("good", 1.0, 1.9)
        self.w1.tag_config("good", background="yellow", foreground="red")
        self.w1.tag_add("baidu", 4.0, 4.4)
        self.w1.tag_config("baidu", underline=True)
        self.w1.tag_bind("baidu", "<Button-1>", self.webshow)

    def webshow(self, event):
        webbrowser.open("http://www.baidu.com")


if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = Tk()
    root.geometry("450x300+200+300")
    app = Application(master=root)
    root.mainloop()

from tkinter import *
import webbrowser

root= Tk();root.geometry("300x300+400+400")
w1= Text(root,width=40,height=20) #寬度 20 個(gè)字母(10 個(gè)漢字)，高度一個(gè)行高
w1.pack()
w1.insert(INSERT,"good goodstudy,day day up!\nhebut\n關(guān)關(guān)雎鳩\n百度一下")
w1.tag_add("good",1.0,1.9)
w1.tag_config("good",background="yellow",foreground="red")
w1.tag_add("baidu",4.0,4.4)
w1.tag_config("baidu",underline=True)
def webshow(event):
    webbrowser.open("http://www.baidu.com")
    w1.tag_bind("baidu","<Button-1>",webshow)
root.mainloop()

from tkinter import *
from tkinter import messagebox

class Application(Frame):
    def __init__(self, master=None):	# super()代表的是父類的定義，而不是父類對(duì)象
        super().__init__(master)
        self.master = master
        self.pack()
        self.createWidget()


    def createWidget(self):
        self.v = StringVar();
        self.v.set("F")
        self.r1 = Radiobutton(self, text="男性", value="M", variable=self.v)
        self.r2 = Radiobutton(self, text="女性", value="F", variable=self.v)
        self.r1.pack(side="left");self.r2.pack(side="left")

        Button(self, text="確定",command=self.confirm).pack(side="left")

    def confirm(self):
        messagebox.showinfo("測(cè)試","選擇的性別:"+self.v.get())

        
if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = Tk()
    root.geometry("400x50+200+300")
    app = Application(master=root)
    root.mainloop()

#測(cè)試 Checkbutton 組件的基本用法，使用面向?qū)ο蟮姆绞?
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import messagebox

class Application(Frame):
    def __init__(self, master=None):	# super()代表的是父類的定義，而不是父類對(duì)象
        super().__init__(master)
        self.master = master
        self.pack()
        self.createWidget()

    def createWidget(self):
        self.codeHobby = IntVar();
        self.videoHobby = IntVar()
        print(self.codeHobby.get()) # 默認(rèn)值是 0
        self.c1 = Checkbutton(self, text="敲代碼",variable=self.codeHobby,onvalue=1, offvalue=0)
        self.c2 = Checkbutton(self, text="看視頻", variable=self.videoHobby,onvalue=1, offvalue=0)
        self.c1.pack(side="left")
        self.c2.pack(side="left")

        Button(self, text="確定",command=self.confirm).pack(side="left")

    def confirm(self):
        if self.videoHobby.get() == 1:
            messagebox.showinfo("測(cè)試","看視頻，都是正常人有的愛(ài)好！你喜歡看什么類型？")
        if self.codeHobby.get() == 1:
            messagebox.showinfo("測(cè)試","抓獲野生程序猿一只!")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = Tk()
    root.geometry("400x50+200+300")
    app = Application(master=root)
    root.mainloop()

# 測(cè)試 Canvas 組件的基本用法，使用面向?qū)ο蟮姆绞?
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import messagebox
import random


class Application(Frame):
    def __init__(self, master=None):	# super()代表的是父類的定義，而不是父類對(duì)象
        super().__init__(master)
        self.master = master
        self.pack()
        self.createWidget()

    def createWidget(self):
        self.canvas = Canvas(self, width=300, height=370, bg="green")
        self.canvas.pack()
        #畫(huà)一條直線
        line = self.canvas.create_line(10, 10, 30, 20, 40, 50)
        #畫(huà)一個(gè)矩形.
        rect = self.canvas.create_rectangle(50, 50, 100, 100)
        #畫(huà)一個(gè)橢圓.坐標(biāo)兩雙。為橢圓的邊界矩形左上角和底部右下角
        oval = self.canvas.create_oval(50, 50, 100, 100)
        global photo
        photo = PhotoImage(file="pic01.gif")
        self.canvas.create_image(150,300,image=photo)
        Button(self, text="畫(huà) 10 個(gè)矩形", command=self.draw50Recg).pack(side="left")

    def draw50Recg(self):
        for i in range(0, 10):
            x1 =random.randrange(int(self.canvas["width"])/2)
            y1 =random.randrange(int(self.canvas["height"])/2)
            x2 = x1 +random.randrange(int(self.canvas["width"])/2)
            y2 = y1 +random.randrange(int(self.canvas["height"])/2)
            self.canvas.create_rectangle(x1, y1, x2, y2)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = Tk()
    root.geometry("400x400+200+300")
    app = Application(master=root)
    root.mainloop()

# 測(cè)試 Grid 布局管理器的基本用法，使用面向?qū)ο蟮姆绞?
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import messagebox
import random


class Application(Frame):
    def __init__(self, master=None):	# super()代表的是父類的定義，而不是父類對(duì)象
        super().__init__(master)
        self.master = master
        self.pack()
        self.createWidget()

    def createWidget(self):
        # 通過(guò) grid 布局實(shí)現(xiàn)登錄界面
        self.label01 = Label(self,text="用戶名")
        self.label01.grid(row=0,column=0)
        self.entry01 = Entry(self)
        self.entry01.grid(row=0,column=1)
        Label(self,text="用戶名為手機(jī)號(hào)").grid(row=0,column=2)
        Label(self, text="密碼").grid(row=1, column=0)
        Entry(self, show="*").grid(row=1, column=1)
        Button(self, text="登錄").grid(row=2, column=1, sticky=EW)
        Button(self, text="取消").grid(row=2, column=2, sticky=EW)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = Tk()
    root.geometry("400x90+200+300")
    app = Application(master=root)
    root.mainloop()

# 計(jì)算器軟件界面的設(shè)計(jì)
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import messagebox
import random


class Application(Frame):
    def __init__(self, master=None):	# super()代表的是父類的定義，而不是父類對(duì)象
        super().__init__(master)
        self.master = master
        self.pack()
        self.createWidget()


    def createWidget(self):
        # 通過(guò) grid 布局實(shí)現(xiàn)計(jì)算器的界面
        btnText = (("MC","M+","M-","MR"), ("C","±","/","? "),
        (7,8,9,"-"),(4,5,6,"+"),(1,2,3,"="),(0,"."))
        Entry(self).grid(row=0,column=0,columnspan=4,pady=10)
        for rindex,r in enumerate(btnText):
            for cindex,c in enumerate(r):
                if c == "=":
                    Button(self,text=c,width=2).grid(row=rindex+1,column=cindex,rowspan=2,sticky=NSEW)
                elif c == 0:
                    Button(self,text=c,width=2).grid(row=rindex+1,column=cindex,columnspan=2,sticky=NSEW)
                elif c == ".":
                    Button(self,text=c,width=2).grid(row=rindex+1,column=cindex+1,sticky=NSEW)
                else:
                    Button(self,text=c,width=2).grid(row=rindex+1,column=cindex,sticky=NSEW)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = Tk()
    root.geometry("200x250+200+300")
    app = Application(master=root)
    root.mainloop()

# 測(cè)試 pack 布局管理
from tkinter import *

root = Tk()
root.geometry("700x220")
# Frame 是一個(gè)矩形區(qū)域，就是用來(lái)防止其他子組件
f1 = Frame(root)
f1.pack()
f2 = Frame(root)
f2.pack()
btnText = ("流行風(fēng)", "中國(guó)風(fēng)", "日本風(fēng)", "重金屬", "輕音樂(lè)")
for txt in btnText:
    Button(f1, text=txt).pack(side="left", padx="10")
for i in range(1, 20):
    Button(f2, width=5, height=10, bg="black" if i % 2 == 0 else "white").pack(side="left")
root.mainloop()

from tkinter import *

root= Tk()
root.geometry("500x300")
root.title("布局管理 place")
root["bg"]="white"


f1= Frame(root,width=200,height=200,bg="green")
f1.place(x=30,y=30)
Button(root,text="hebut").place(relx=0.5,rely=0,x=100,y=200,relwidth=0.2,relheight=0.2)
Button(f1,text="programmer").place(relx=0.6,rely=0.7)
Button(f1,text="關(guān)關(guān)雎鳩").place(relx=0.2,rely=0.2)

root.mainloop()

from tkinter import *
class Application(Frame):
    def __init__(self, master=None):	# super()代表的是父類的定義，而不是父類對(duì)象
        super().__init__(master)
        self.master = master
        self.pack()
        self.createWidget()

    def createWidget(self):

        # 通過(guò) place 布局管理器實(shí)現(xiàn)撲克牌位置控制
        #self.photo = PhotoImage(file="imgs/puke/puke1.gif")
        #self.puke1 = Label(self.master,image=self.photo)
        #self.puke1.place(x=10,y=50)
        self.photos =[PhotoImage(file="imgs/puke"+str(i+1)+".gif") for i in range(10)]
        self.pukes =[Label(self.master,image=self.photos[i]) for i in range(10)]
        for i in range(10):
            self.pukes[i].place(x=10+i*40,y=50)
            #為所有的 Label 增加事件處理
            self.pukes[0].bind_class("Label","<Button-1>",self.chupai)

    def chupai(self,event):
        print(event.widget.winfo_geometry())
        print(event.widget.winfo_y())
        if event.widget.winfo_y() == 50:
            event.widget.place(y=30)
        else:
            event.widget.place(y=50)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = Tk()
    root.geometry("600x370+200+300")
    app = Application(master=root)
    root.mainloop()

widget.bind(event, handler)

#測(cè)試鍵盤(pán)和鼠標(biāo)事件
from tkinter import	*

root = Tk()
root.geometry("530x300")
c1 = Canvas(root,width=200,height=200,bg="green")
c1.pack()
def mouseTest(event):
    print("鼠標(biāo)左鍵單擊位置(相對(duì)于父容器)：{0},{1}".format(event.x,event.y))
    print("鼠標(biāo)左鍵單擊位置(相對(duì)于屏幕)：{0},{1}".format(event.x_root,event.y_root))
    print("事件綁定的組件：{0}".format(event.widget))

def testDrag(event):
    c1.create_oval(event.x,event.y,event.x+1,event.y+1)

def keyboardTest(event):
    print("鍵的 keycode:{0},鍵的 char:{1},鍵的 keysym:{2}".format(event.keycode,event.char,event.keysym))

def press_a_test(event):
    print("press a")

def release_a_test(event):
    print("release a")

c1.bind("<Button-1>",mouseTest)
c1.bind("<B1-Motion>",testDrag)
root.bind("<KeyPress>",keyboardTest)
root.bind("<KeyPress-a>",press_a_test)	#只針對(duì)小寫(xiě)的a，大寫(xiě)的 A 不管用
root.bind("<KeyRelease-a>",release_a_test)
root.mainloop()

#多種事件綁定方式匯總
from tkinter import *

root = Tk()
root.geometry("270x30")
def mouseTest1(event):
    print("bind()方式綁定，可以獲取 event 對(duì)象")
    print(event.widget)

def mouseTest2(a, b):
    print("a={0},b={1}".format(a, b))
    print("command 方式綁定，不能直接獲取 event 對(duì)象")

def mouseTest3(event):
    print("右鍵單擊事件，綁定給所有按鈕啦??！")
    print(event.widget)

b1 = Button(root, text="測(cè)試 bind()綁定")
b1.pack(side="left")
#bind 方式綁定事件
b1.bind("<Button-1>", mouseTest1)
#command 屬性直接綁定事件
b2 = Button(root, text="測(cè)試 command2",command=lambda: mouseTest2("關(guān)關(guān)雎鳩", "hebut"))
b2.pack(side="left")
# 給所有 Button 按鈕都綁定右鍵單擊事件<Button-2>
b1.bind_class("Button", "<Button-2>", mouseTest3)

#optionmenu 的使用測(cè)試
from tkinter import *

root= Tk()
root.geometry("200x100")
v= StringVar(root);
v.set("關(guān)關(guān)雎鳩")
om= OptionMenu(root,v,"關(guān)關(guān)雎鳩","在河之洲","窈窕淑女","君子好逑")
om["width"]=10
om.pack(pady=20)
def test1():
    print("最喜愛(ài)的詩(shī)句:",v.get())
    #v.set("關(guān)關(guān)雎鳩")	#直接修改了optionmenu中選中的值
Button(root,text="確定",command=test1).pack()
root.mainloop()

#optionmenu 的使用測(cè)試
from tkinter import *

root= Tk()
root.geometry("400x150")
def test1(value):
    print("滑塊的值:",value)
    newFont= ("宋體",value)
    a.config(font=newFont)

s1=Scale(root,from_=10,to=50,length=200,orient=HORIZONTAL,command=test1)
s1.pack()
a= Label(root,text="關(guān)關(guān)雎鳩",width=10,height=1,bg="black",fg="white")
a.pack()
root.mainloop()

#askcolor 顏色選擇框的測(cè)試，改變背景色
from tkinter import *
from tkinter.colorchooser import *

root= Tk();root.geometry("400x150")

def test1():
    s1= askcolor(color="red", title="選擇背景色")
    #((0.0,0.0,255.99609375),'#0000ff')
    root.config(bg=s1[1])
    
Button(root,text="選擇背景色",command=test1).pack()
root.mainloop()

from tkinter import *
from tkinter.filedialog import *

root= Tk();root.geometry("400x100")
def test1():
    f= askopenfilename(title="上傳文件",initialdir="f:/code",filetypes=[("文本文件",".txt")])
    #print(f)
    show["text"]=f
Button(root,text="選擇編輯的文本文件",command=test1).pack()
show= Label(root,width=40,height=3,bg="green")
show.pack()
root.mainloop()

from tkinter import *
from tkinter.filedialog import *

root= Tk();root.geometry("400x100")
def test1():
    with askopenfile(title="上傳文件",initialdir="f:",filetypes=[("文本文件",".txt")]) as f:
        show["text"]=f.read()
Button(root,text="選擇編輯的文本文件",command=test1).pack()
show= Label(root,width=40,height=3,bg="green")
show.pack()
root.mainloop()

#簡(jiǎn)單對(duì)話框
from tkinter.simpledialog import *

root= Tk();root.geometry("400x100")
show= Label(root,width=40,height=3,bg="green")
show.pack()
a=askinteger(title="輸入年齡",prompt="請(qǐng)輸入年齡 ",initialvalue=18,minvalue=1,maxvalue=150)
show["text"]="年齡："+str(a)
#askfloat,askstring 自行測(cè)試
root.mainloop()

#簡(jiǎn)單對(duì)話框
from tkinter import *
from tkinter.messagebox import *

root= Tk();root.geometry("400x100")
a1= showinfo(title="關(guān)關(guān)雎鳩",message="好好學(xué)習(xí)，天天向上")
print(a1)
root.mainloop()

menubar = tk.Menu(root)

file_menu = tk.Menu(menubar)
menubar.add_cascade(label=”文件”,menu=file_menu)

file_menu.add_command(label=”打開(kāi)”)
file_menu.add_command(label=”保存”,accelerator=”^p” command=mySaveFile)
file_menu.add_separator()
file_menu.add_command(label=”退出”)

root[“menu”]=menubar

#記事本軟件,練習(xí)主菜單的設(shè)計(jì)
from tkinter import *
from tkinter.messagebox import *
from tkinter.filedialog import *

root= Tk();root.geometry("400x400")
#創(chuàng)建主菜單欄
menubar= Menu(root)
#創(chuàng)建子菜單
menuFile= Menu(menubar)
menuEdit= Menu(menubar)
menuHelp= Menu(menubar)
#將子菜單加入到主菜單欄
menubar.add_cascade(label="文件(F)",menu=menuFile)
menubar.add_cascade(label="編輯(E)",menu=menuEdit)
menubar.add_cascade(label="幫助(H)",menu=menuHelp)

filename= ""
def openFile():
    global filename
    with askopenfile(title="打開(kāi)文件") as f:
        content =f.read()
        w1.insert(INSERT,content)
        filename =f.name
        print(f.name)

def saveFile():
    with open(filename,"w") as f:
        content =w1.get(1.0,END)
        f.write(content)

def exit():
    root.quit()

#添加菜單項(xiàng)
menuFile.add_command(label="打開(kāi)",accelerator="^O",command=openFile)
menuFile.add_command(label="保存",command=saveFile)
menuFile.add_separator() #添加分割線
menuFile.add_command(label="退出",command=exit)

#將主菜單欄加到根窗口
root["menu"] =menubar
w1= Text(root,width=50,height=30)
w1.pack()
root.mainloop()

menubar = tk.Menu(root)
menubar.add_command(label=”字體”)

def test(event):
	menubar.post(event.x_root,event.y_root) # 在鼠標(biāo)右鍵單擊坐標(biāo)處顯示菜單 
	root.bind(“<Button-3>”,test)

from tkinter import *
from tkinter.colorchooser import *
from tkinter.filedialog import *

root= Tk();root.geometry("400x400")

def openAskColor():
    s1= askcolor(color="red", title="選擇背景色")
    #((0.0,0.0,255.99609375),'#0000ff')
    root.config(bg=s1[1])

#創(chuàng)建快捷菜單
menubar2= Menu(root)
menubar2.add_command(label="顏色",command=openAskColor)
menuedit= Menu(menubar2,tearoff=0)
menuedit.add_command(label="剪切")
menuedit.add_command(label="復(fù)制")
menuedit.add_command(label="粘貼")
menubar2.add_cascade(label="編輯",menu=menuedit)

def test(event):
    #菜單在鼠標(biāo)右鍵單擊的坐標(biāo)處顯示
    menubar2.post(event.x_root,event.y_root)
#編輯區(qū)
w1= Text(root,width=50,height=30)
w1.pack()
w1.bind("<Button-3>",test)
root.mainloop()

import sys
if sys.version_info.major == 3:
    import tkinter as tk
elif sys.version_info.major == 2:
    import Tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk()
root.title(u"pack布局演示")
tk.Button(root, text="side:top").pack(side='top')
tk.Button(root, text="side:bottom").pack(side='bottom')
tk.Button(root, text="side:left").pack(side='left')
tk.Button(root, text="side:right").pack(side='right')
root.mainloop()

import sys
if sys.version_info.major == 3:
    import tkinter as tk
elif sys.version_info.major == 2:
    import Tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk()
root.title(u"grid布局演示")
for row in range(3):
    for col in range(4):
        text_ = "row=%d, col=%d" % (row, col)
        tk.Button(root, text=text_).grid(row=row, column=col)
root.mainloop()